1. What is Tensile Strength to Hardness Conversion?

The relationship between tensile strength and hardness is an empirical correlation that varies by material. For many metals, hardness can be estimated from tensile strength using a material-specific constant.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the general formula:

Where:

• \( UTS \) — Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPa)
• \( k \) — Material constant (typically between 3.2-3.6 for common metals)

Typical k values:

• Steel: ≈3.45
• Aluminum: ≈3.55
• Brass: ≈3.25

3. Importance of Hardness Calculation

Details: Hardness estimation from tensile strength is useful when direct hardness testing isn't available, for material selection, and quality control in manufacturing.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter tensile strength in MPa, select material type (or provide custom k value). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How accurate is this conversion?
A: It provides a rough estimate. Actual hardness can vary ±10-15% due to material composition and processing history.

Q2: What hardness scale does this use?
A: The results are in Brinell Hardness (HB) which is commonly correlated with tensile strength.

Q3: Can I use this for non-metallic materials?
A: No, this correlation is only valid for metallic materials, primarily steels and non-ferrous alloys.

Q4: Why does k vary by material?
A: The relationship between strength and hardness depends on material properties like work hardening behavior and crystal structure.

Q5: When should I measure hardness directly?
A: For critical applications or when precise hardness values are needed, direct measurement (Brinell, Rockwell, or Vickers test) is recommended.