1. What is the Tensile Strength to Hardness Conversion?

The relationship between tensile strength and hardness is an empirical approximation for steel materials. The formula provides a quick estimate of Brinell hardness from ultimate tensile strength.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the conversion formula:

Where:

• \( HB \) — Brinell hardness number
• \( UTS \) — Ultimate tensile strength in ksi (kips per square inch)

Explanation: This empirical relationship is based on the observation that hardness and tensile strength are correlated for many steel alloys.

3. Importance of Hardness Calculation

Details: Estimating hardness from tensile strength is useful when only tensile test data is available but hardness values are needed for material selection or quality control.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter ultimate tensile strength in ksi. The value must be positive. The result is an approximation and may vary for specific alloys.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How accurate is this conversion?
A: This is an approximation with typical accuracy of ±10%. Actual hardness may vary depending on steel composition and heat treatment.

Q2: Does this work for all steel types?
A: It works best for carbon and low-alloy steels. High-alloy steels and hardened/tempered materials may show different relationships.

Q3: What are typical HB values for steel?
A: Mild steel typically ranges 120-150 HB, while hardened tool steel can exceed 600 HB.

Q4: Can I convert hardness back to tensile strength?
A: Yes, by rearranging the formula: UTS = HB / 0.36, but remember this is still an approximation.

Q5: Are there more precise conversion methods?
A: Yes, some standards provide alloy-specific conversion tables with better accuracy.