Partial Pressure Calculator Dalton

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures:

\[ P_i = X_i \times P_{total} \]

Partial Pressure (P_i):

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1. What is Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures?

Dalton's Law states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. The partial pressure of each gas is directly proportional to its mole fraction in the mixture.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Dalton's Law equation:

\[ P_i = X_i \times P_{total} \]

Where:

\( P_i \) — Partial pressure of component i (Pa)
\( X_i \) — Mole fraction of component i (unitless)
\( P_{total} \) — Total pressure of the gas mixture (Pa)

Explanation: The equation shows that each gas in a mixture exerts a pressure that it would exert if it were present alone in the container.

3. Importance of Partial Pressure Calculation

Details: Partial pressure is crucial in respiratory physiology, gas exchange, industrial gas applications, and chemical equilibrium calculations. It determines the direction of gas diffusion and is used in Henry's Law calculations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mole fraction (between 0 and 1) and total pressure in Pascals. The calculator will compute the partial pressure of the specified component.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should be used for pressure?
A: While Pascals (Pa) are used here, any pressure unit can be used as long as you're consistent. Common alternatives include mmHg, atm, or bar.

Q2: Can this be used for liquid solutions?
A: No, Dalton's Law applies specifically to mixtures of ideal gases. For solutions, you would use Raoult's Law or Henry's Law.

Q3: What if I know the partial pressures and want total pressure?
A: Simply sum all the partial pressures to get the total pressure of the mixture.

Q4: Does temperature affect partial pressure?
A: Temperature affects the total pressure of a gas mixture, which in turn affects partial pressures proportionally to their mole fractions.

Q5: How accurate is this for real gases?
A: For most conditions, it's sufficiently accurate. For high pressures or low temperatures where gases deviate from ideal behavior, corrections may be needed.