1. What is the Flow Rate to Velocity Equation?

The flow rate to velocity equation calculates the average flow velocity in a pipe based on the volumetric flow rate and the pipe's cross-sectional area. This is fundamental in fluid dynamics and pipe system design.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the equation:

Where:

• \( v \) — Flow velocity (m/s)
• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( r \) — Pipe radius (m)
• \( \pi \) — Pi constant (~3.1416)

Explanation: The equation divides the volumetric flow rate by the pipe's cross-sectional area to determine the average flow velocity.

3. Importance of Flow Velocity Calculation

Details: Knowing flow velocity is essential for designing pipe systems, determining pressure drops, ensuring proper flow conditions, and avoiding issues like erosion or sedimentation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in cubic meters per second and pipe radius in meters. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical velocity range in pipes?
A: For water systems, typical velocities are 0.5-3 m/s, with higher velocities for larger pipes and lower for smaller ones.

Q2: Does this work for non-circular pipes?
A: No, this equation is for circular pipes. For other shapes, use cross-sectional area directly (v = Q/A).

Q3: Is this the actual or average velocity?
A: This gives the average velocity. Actual velocity varies across the pipe's cross-section (maximum at center, zero at walls).

Q4: What about turbulent vs laminar flow?
A: The equation applies to both, but velocity profiles differ. The average velocity calculation remains valid.

Q5: How does pipe roughness affect velocity?
A: Roughness affects pressure drop but not this direct velocity calculation. It would affect achievable flow rates in real systems.